| Haiti (Haïti in French; Ayiti in Haitian Creole; Hayti in 19th century English), officially the Republic of Haiti, occupies one third of the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, and also includes many smaller islands such as La Gonâve, La Tortue (Tortuga), Les Cayemites, Île de Anacaona, and La Grande Caye. The uninhabited island of Navasse is claimed both by Haiti and the United States. Haiti shares the island of Hispaniola with the Dominican Republic. The total area of Haiti is 10,714 square miles (27,750 km²) and its capital is Port-au-Prince.
A former French colony, Haiti is the first independent black republic. Haiti became the second independent country in the Americas (after the United States) when it declared its independence on January 1st, 1804.
Haiti has recently undergone a state of transition following an uprising, which forced President Jean-Bertrand Aristide to resign on February 29, 2004. He had been re-elected in 2000 in an election which several parties boycotted due to disputes with the vote-counting of a previous parliamentary election. René Préval was elected president in his place on February 7, 2006, and took office in May.
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